日英的翻译: 在英文之后编辑
在这里,日→在刷在英翻译的英文的时候,最好对什么样的点数当心修改,或者说明那个要点。
单数、复数形式以及冠词的编辑
冠词和单数、复数形式因为互相相互之间有关系所以在这里一起说明。
没必要用日语,关于名词区别单数以及复数,但是必须用英语精确地表现。而且,在英语有可数名词以及不可数的名词这样的名词。
日文→在英,带来关于不根据文脉变化的单词信息,能正确翻译,但是什么把确切关于根据文脉变化的单词翻译成是困难的。
只一个存在于在世界的东西,"太阳"或者"月"一定有"the"这个定冠词,不根据文脉变化。另一方面一般的名词根据文脉具有"the",单数、复数变化。另外,在需要表现拥有的代名词的时候也有。因为精确地翻译这些单词全部的是不可能所以在后期编辑修改。
把单数形式换成复数形式
可数名词,只要没有表现复数的信息,就,大多数被翻译用单数形式。请在复数形式根据文脉修改单数形式。
[要点]
例题
原文:
译文 |
在那家公司,公司职员必须在年纪请20天的假。 |
翻译结果 |
In the company, an employee must take a holiday for 20 days in a year. |
[编辑]把"employee"换成复数形式
翻译结果 |
In the company, employees must take holiday for 20 days in a year. |
实践问题
译文 |
(1) 这本书籍没被在一般书店销售。 |
(2) 她结束在宇宙的实验,平安地归还给了地球。 |
后篇集已经的英文(标准)
翻译结果 |
(1) This book is not sold at the general bookstore. |
(2) She finished an experiment in the space and returned safely to the earth. |
翻译结果
(编辑以后) |
(1) This book is not sold at general bookstores. |
(2) She finished experiments in the space and returned safely to the earth. |
[笔记] 红文字是修改地方。
加上定冠词
在表现被作为总称叫的东西以及特定的事物的名词的情况下,附上定冠词"the"有必要。
日文→在在英,利用亲戚的修饰(我例子设计的产品)以及主语在"ha"开始的时候,自动有定冠词,被翻译成。
[要点]在附上"the"的时候
- 在有作为总称的意思的时候
- 在表现特定的事物的时候
- 在指向前述的事物的时候
例题1
原文:
译文 |
啦啦队的代表在国旗的前面行礼了。 |
翻译结果 |
The representative of the cheering party bowed in front of a national flag. |
[编辑]把"a national flag"换成"the national flag"
翻译结果 |
The representative of a cheering party bowed in front of the national flag. |
例题2
原文:
译文 |
他们为找到证明调查了那次记录,但是什么都没能从记录找到。 |
翻译结果 |
They examined the record to find evidence, but were able to find nothing from a record. |
[编辑]把"a record"换成"the record"
翻译结果 |
They examined the record to find evidence, but were able to find nothing from the record. |
实践问题
译文 |
(1) 他用铅笔在地图上描现金输送车的途径了。 |
(2) 大学的政治活动大大地影响了他的人生。 |
(3) 他被在音乐界高高估价。 |
后篇集已经的英文(标准)
翻译结果 |
(1) He traced the course of the bank transport truck with a pencil on a map. |
(2) A political activity in the university influenced his life greatly. |
(3) He is evaluated highly in music circles. |
翻译结果
(编辑以后) |
(1) He traced the course of the bank transport truck with a pencil on the map. |
(2) The political activity in the university influenced his life greatly. |
(3) He is evaluated highly in the music circles. |
[笔记] 红文字是修改地方。
附上表示拥有的代名词
必须有本来表示拥有的代名词的名词可能被用单数形式的名词输出。因为几乎被省略不忘记所以而请追加用日语,表示拥有的代名词。
[要点]
例题
原文:
译文 |
他脱上衣,在床躺下了。 |
翻译结果 |
He took off a jacket and lay in a bed. |
[编辑]把"a jacket"换成"his jacket"
翻译结果 |
He took off his jacket and lay in a bed. |
实践问题
译文 |
(1) 我,因为在室内饲养了猫所以,体毛总是散落着在房间中。 |
(2) 我同哥哥争吵了。 |
后篇集已经的英文(标准)
翻译结果 |
(1) Because I keep a cat in the room, hair is always scattered to me in rooms. |
(2) I quarrelled with an older brother. |
翻译结果
(编辑以后) |
(1) Because I keep a cat in the room, his hair is always scattered in rooms. |
(2) I quarrelled with my older brother. |
[笔记] 红文字是修改地方。
时态的一致
日文→在时态没在由两句句子构成的文章方面在英,获得一致的时候,能正确翻译。
前面的句子即使在现在式的句子是过去式也能作为过去式翻译全体的文章。但是在以下显示的时候结果根据翻译的日本文学不同。
使假定句子的时态一致
假定句子被详细地给除了作为一般的假定的关于有"实现的可能性的事情的假定"之外"相反与过去的事实的假定","相反与现在的事实的假定","可能性的少的未来的假定","未来的纯粹的假定"等的假定的内容分类。为做助动词以及be动词特殊的使我的方法能和非常困难,翻译有假定句子的翻译吧。
[要点]
例题
原文:
译文 |
当那项合同被废弃的时候,我们出售了他的公司。 |
翻译结果 |
When the contract was canceled, we sold his company. |
[编辑] 使时态一致,把助动词背后的句子上加在
翻译结果 |
If the contract was canceled, we would sell his company. |
实践问题
译文 |
(1) 当我知道的时候,我没购买那个。 |
(2) 如果你知道他的话,同情他吧。 |
(3) 如果他来的话,我们取消这次旅行。 |
(4) 当我死了的时候,我的母亲感到悲伤吧。 |
后篇集已经的英文(标准)
翻译结果 |
(1) I did not purchase it when I knew it. |
(2) I will sympathize with him if you know him. |
(3) We cancel this trip if he comes. |
(4) My mother will grieve if I die. |
翻译结果
(编辑以后) |
(1) If I had known it, I would not have purchased it. |
(2) If you knew him, you would sympathize with him. |
(3) If he should come, we shall cancel this trip. |
(4) If I were to die, my mother would grieve. |
使用完毕形
在对现在完成式,过去完成式,有基本在文章表现完毕的词句(做"~")的时候,能用完毕形翻译。但是,因为表现完毕的词句没被用一般的日语使用所以在后期编辑修改吧。
原文 |
因为他退休了所以她的工作增加了。 |
翻译结果 |
Because he retired from his job, her work increased. |
原文 |
因为他退休了所以她的工作增加。 |
翻译结果 |
Because he retired from his job, her work has increased. |
原文 |
我听过这首歌曲。 |
翻译结果 |
I have heard this music. |
[要点]
例题
原文:
译文 |
他就任总统之后在秘鲁的经济混乱解决了。 |
翻译结果 |
The economic confusion in Peru was settled since he took office as the President. |
[编辑] 把前面的句子换成现在完成式
翻译结果 |
The economic confusion in Peru has been settled since he took office as the president. |
实践问题
译文 |
(1) 在我到公司的时候,问题全部解决。 |
(2) 因为真空泵的出口量根据日元升值锐减了所以他们正再一次开发国内店铺。 |
后篇集已经的英文(标准)
翻译结果 |
(1) When I arrived at the company, all the problems were settled. |
(2) Because quantity of export of vacuum pumps decreased sharply by appreciation of the yen, they reclaim the domestic store again. |
翻译结果
(编辑以后) |
(1) When I arrived at the company, all the problems had been settled. |
(2) Because quantity of export of vacuum pumps has decreased sharply by appreciation of the yen, they reclaim the domestic stores again. |
[笔记] 红文字是修改地方。
被省略的代名词(主语、宾语)的插入
在背后的句子没有主语的时候,在由两句句子构成的文章,必须补充主语。在宾语被省略[翻译]的时候,能用关于在-[翻译设定]的翻译的设定自动补充宾语。
[要点]
- 加上被省略的主语,宾语
(在由两句句子构成的文章的情况下,特别关注背后的句子)
例题
原文:
译文 |
现场指挥每当经由那个现场的时候,总是想起了那次事故。 |
翻译结果 |
The field overseer always remembered that accident whenever I went along the spot. |
[编辑] 把"I"改变成"he"
翻译结果 |
The field overseer always remembered that accident whenever he went along the spot. |
实践问题
译文 |
(1) 在该公司,成功地重新组合细菌的遗传基因,着手了把那个细菌用于的开发。 |
(2) 那个是新闻。 |
后篇集已经的英文(标准)
翻译结果 |
(1) I succeeded in recombining a bacterial gene in the company and started the development that I used the bacteria for. |
(2) It is news. |
翻译结果
(编辑以后) |
(1) They succeeded in recombining bacterial genes in the company and they started the development that the bacillus was used for. |
(2) It is news to me. |
[笔记] 红文字是修改地方。
前置词的确认
在翻译成英文的时候,在苦恼的有前置词。在一般情况下日语的助词相当英语的前置词,但是这个不用1比1一定对应。
日文→在英,拥有在各单词意思来历(人,组织,东西,事情,地方,时间的区别),使用了尽可能地最合适的前置词。但是,某一个单词实际上被在某一篇文章作为地方使用,是不同的文章,并且可能有被作为东西使用的事情。另外,像"make A of B"以及"make A from B"那样,想A和B的关系,有在必须放与那个对应的前置词的时候也。
日文→在英,覆盖用意思来历和译文变更大多数的前置词,但是因为在最合适的前置词不被根据文章的内容使用的时候也有所以需要确认。
[要点]
- 在前置词不同的时候,用译文变更改变
或者改为最合适的前置词
例题
原文:
译文 |
这家工厂的产品独特。 |
翻译结果 |
The product of this factory is unique. |
[编辑] 把"of"改变成"at"
翻译结果 |
The product at this factory is unique. |
实践问题
译文 |
(1) 不学校由于感冒休息了。 |
(2) 那个农协用200万日元购买使用有线电视线路的农业信息系统了。 |
(3) 这次实验的结果证明产业界的新的技术。 |
后篇集已经的英文(标准)
翻译结果 |
(1) I was absent from school for a cold. |
(2) The farm co-op purchased the agriculture information system that I used a cable television line for for 2,000,000 yen. |
(3) The result of this experiment supports new technology of the industry. |
翻译结果
(编辑以后) |
(1) I was absent from school with a cold. |
(2) The farm co-op purchased the agriculture information system which used cable television line for 2000000 yen. |
(3) The result in this experiment supports new technology of the industry. |
[笔记] 红文字是修改地方。
关系代词的确认
日文→在英,推测从意思来历关系代词,选择最合适的东西。但是,因为在被在"that"或者"which"表现的时候也有所以根据需要改为最合适的关系代词有必要。另外,在关系代词被使用的时候请也确认是否没缺乏附属于那个关系代词的前置词。
[要点]
- 把"which"以及"that"改为其他的适当的关系代词(副词)
- 确认是否没缺乏前置词
例题
原文:
译文 |
把咖啡撒在__上他放在桌子上的书。 |
翻译结果 |
I have spilled coffee on the book which he put on the table. |
[编辑] 把"in"改变成"over"
翻译结果 |
I have spilled coffee over the book which he put on a table. |
实践问题
译文 |
(1) 我最近采访了书籍被向在网络上介绍的医生。 |
(2) 保守员必须定期检查细菌繁殖的净化水箱。 |
后篇集已经的英文(标准)
翻译结果 |
(1) I interviewed the doctor whom a book was introduced to on the Internet recently. |
(2) It is necessary for the member of maintenance to check the purified water tank which bacteria multiply regularly. |
翻译结果
(编辑以后) |
(1) I interviewed the doctor whose book was introduced to on the Internet recently. |
(2) It is necessary for the member of maintenance to check the purified water tank where bacteria multiply regularly. |
[笔记] 红文字是修改地方。